Distribution Transformers: Essential Components in Power Distribution Systems
Distribution transformers are static electrical devices designed to convert high-voltage electricity from transmission lines to lower, usable voltages for end-users. Typically, these transformers operate within voltage levels of 10–35 kV and capacities up to 6,300 kVA, directly supplying power to residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. Key Components: Core: Made from high-quality cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon steel sheets, often with 45° slanted joints to minimize magnetic losses. Windings: Comprising primary and secondary coils, these are insulated and arranged to handle the required voltage levels. Tank and Cooling System: The transformer is housed in a tank filled with insulating oil or resin, with radiators or fans to dissipate heat. Tap Changer: Allows for voltage adjustment to maintain stable output. Cooling Methods: ONAN (Oil Natural Air Natural): Utilizes natural convection of oil and air for cooling. ONAF (Oil Natural Air Forced): Enhances cooling by usi...